Shank

Shanking the ball gives many golfers the cold sweats just thinking about the miserable shot.  I have heard more corrections for fixing a case of the shanks than I care to repeat.  Most of them have nothing to do with the mistake.
The first thing that golfers must realize is when you shank you're not hitting on the clubface.  You're hitting off the hosel.  So you can eliminate the correction that the clubface must be too open.  That one doesn't make sense as you're not hitting on the clubface, you're hitting off the hosel.
Three mistakes cause a shank.  Below is a video, from my youtube channel, timcusickgolf, that covers the reasons for a shank.

Shank mistakes